使用 JSON 属性
定义 JSON 属性
¥Defining JSON properties
每个数据库驱动程序在 JSON 属性方面的行为都略有不同。MikroORM 尝试通过 JsonType 统一体验。如果我们指定 type: 'json'
,也将使用此类型。
¥Each database driver behaves a bit differently when it comes to JSON properties. MikroORM tries to unify the experience via JsonType. This type will be also used if we specify type: 'json'
.
@Entity()
export class Book {
@Property({ type: 'json', nullable: true })
meta?: { foo: string; bar: number };
}
通过 JSON 对象属性查询
¥Querying by JSON object properties
v4.4.2 中添加了对通过 JSON 对象属性进行查询的支持
¥Support for querying by JSON object properties was added in v4.4.2
我们可以轻松地通过 JSON 对象属性进行查询:
¥We can query by JSON object properties easily:
const b = await em.findOne(Book, {
meta: {
valid: true,
nested: {
foo: '123',
bar: 321,
deep: {
baz: 59,
qux: false,
},
},
},
});
将生成以下查询(在 postgres 中):
¥Will produce following query (in postgres):
select "e0".*
from "book" as "e0"
where ("meta"->>'valid')::bool = true
and "meta"->'nested'->>'foo' = '123'
and ("meta"->'nested'->>'bar')::float8 = 321
and ("meta"->'nested'->'deep'->>'baz')::float8 = 59
and ("meta"->'nested'->'deep'->>'qux')::bool = false
limit 1
目前支持所有驱动程序(包括 sqlite 和 mongo)。在 postgres 中,如果我们在右侧检测到数字或布尔值,我们也会尝试转换值。
¥All drivers are currently supported (including sqlite and mongo). In postgres we also try to cast the value if we detect number or boolean on the right-hand side.
JSON 属性上的索引
¥Indexes on JSON properties
要在 JSON 属性上创建索引,请使用带有点路径的实体级 @Index()
装饰器:
¥To create an index on a JSON property, use an entity-level @Index()
decorator with a dot path:
@Entity()
@Index({ properties: 'metaData.foo' })
@Index({ properties: ['metaData.foo', 'metaData.bar'] }) // compound index
export class Book {
@Property({ type: 'json', nullable: true })
metaData?: { foo: string; bar: number };
}
在 PostgreSQL 中,这将生成如下查询:
¥In PostgreSQL, this will generate a query like the following:
create index "book_meta_data_foo_index" on "book" (("meta_data"->>'foo'));
要创建唯一索引,请使用 @Unique()
装饰器:
¥To create a unique index, use the @Unique()
decorator:
@Entity()
@Unique({ properties: 'metaData.foo' })
@Unique({ properties: ['metaData.foo', 'metaData.bar'] }) // compound unique index
export class Book {
@Property({ type: 'json', nullable: true })
metaData?: { foo: string; bar: number };
}
在 MySQL 中,你还可以明确设置类型:
¥In MySQL, you can also set the type explicitly:
@Entity()
@Index({ properties: 'metaData.foo', options: { returning: 'char(200)' } })
export class Book {
@Property({ type: 'json', nullable: true })
metaData?: { foo: string; bar: number };
}
这将生成如下查询:
¥This will generate a query like the following:
alter table `book`
add index `book_meta_data_foo_index`((json_value(`meta_data`, '$.foo' returning char(200))));
MariaDB 驱动程序不支持此功能。
¥MariaDB driver does not support this feature.